INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE STUDENT

My Study Plan

Preparing a Study Plan before starting this Study Guide will assist you in completing it within a designated timeframe. It also helps in developing the discipline required for studying God’s Word effectively.

Proverbs 16:3:

Commit thy works unto the LORD, and thy thoughts shall be established.

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Keep a record as you progress through your Study Guide, including the Personal Responses for each section, for future reference and goal setting.

Content

• Introduction
• What Is a Spiritual Gift?
• Who Has Spiritual Gifts?
• The Operation of the Gifts
• Dividing to Every Man
• Gifts of the Spirit
• The Word of Wisdom
• The Word of Knowledge
• Summary

Important Points

• COGMA does not claim to be infallible or the authority.
• Infallibility and authority belong only to God and His Word.

COGMA therefore strongly advises that you prayerfully study the content of each Study Guide with the heart of a Berean (Acts 17:10–12).

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INTRODUCTION

In this lesson titled “Understanding Spiritual Gifts,” we begin an in-depth study of spiritual gifts and how they operate within the New Testament Church.

When considering spiritual gifts, we often turn to the twelfth chapter of Paul’s first letter to the Corinthians. However, spiritual gifts are also mentioned in other letters written by Paul and are even referenced by Jesus, who spoke of them as “talents.”

It is important to note that spiritual gifts also extend to the offices within the church, which include apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers.

We will begin our study in 1 Corinthians 12, which focuses on the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

The Importance of Spiritual Gifts

1 Corinthians 12:1 says:

Now concerning spiritual gifts, brethren, I would not have you ignorant.

Paul’s concern for the Corinthian church was their lack of understanding regarding the proper function and purpose of spiritual gifts. Their issue was not the absence of gifts, as Paul pointed out earlier in 1 Corinthians 1:7:

“You are not lacking in any gift.”

If the first-century church, where spiritual gifts were actively present, struggled to understand their purpose, how much more important is it for us to grasp their significance today?

Paul’s teachings on spiritual gifts were critical in his time, and they remain just as essential for the church today, especially given the vast diversity of over 45,000 denominations and sects within so-called Christendom today.

The Purpose of Spiritual Gifts

The Holy Spirit gives spiritual gifts to equip the church for its mission and to build up the body of believers. Without proper teaching and understanding, these gifts can easily be:

• Misunderstood
• Misused
• Neglected

Paul’s words to the Corinthians still apply today: We must not be ignorant or lacking in understanding concerning spiritual gifts.

Gifts and Callings Are Irrevocable

Romans 11:29 says:

For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.

In the Expanded Greek Translation of the New Testament, this verse is rendered as:

For the gifts in grace at the calling of God are with respect to a change of mind irrevocable.

This means that God has never changed His mind concerning the gifts and callings He established for the New Testament church. The same spiritual gifts and offices that enabled the morning church to thrive are just as important for the success of the evening church.

When leaders pass away, their spiritual gifts do not disappear with them. Just as Elijah’s mantle fell on Elisha in 2 Kings 2:13-15, God continues to equip new leaders with spiritual gifts to carry on His work. Not only gifts for office, but gifts divided among all believers in Christ.

It’s important to note that Elisha desired the gift that Elijah had. He sought a double portion of Elijah’s spirit, as seen in 2 Kings 2:9, demonstrating the importance of seeking and desiring spiritual gifts to fill the office and continue the work of God.

2 Kings 2:9 says:

And it came to pass, when they were gone over, that Elijah said unto Elisha, Ask what I shall do for thee, before I be taken away from thee. And Elisha said, I pray thee, let a double portion of thy spirit be upon me.

God’s gifts and callings are irrevocable, ensuring the continuation of His mission through each generation of believers.

What We Will Study

In the sections that follow, we will study:

• What the spiritual gifts are
• The purpose of these gifts
• How they should be properly exercised within the body of Christ

This study will help us gain a deeper understanding of how to operate in the gifts of the Holy Spirit in our church context.

Definitions

• Morning Church: Refers to the church period covering approximately the first 300 years of the Gospel Day.

Evening Church: Also referred to as the “Evening Light,” this term refers to the current time period.

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WHAT IS A SPIRITUAL GIFT?

In the first verse of the twelfth chapter of 1 Corinthians, Paul emphasizes the importance of understanding spiritual gifts to clarify what they are and how they operate within the body of Christ.

Spiritual Gifts Are Supernatural

Paul refers to these gifts as “spiritual,” which is translated from the Greek word PNEUMATIKOS, meaning “non-carnal” or “supernatural.” In other words, these gifts are not of earthly origin, nor do they proceed from man. They originate from God and align with His divine nature.

i.Spiritual Gifts vs. Natural Talents

Spiritual gifts are not like natural talents or physical abilities. Instead, they are spiritual qualities produced in the life of a believer through the Holy Spirit.

To clarify, spiritual gifts are not about skills such as carpentry, school teaching, or plumbing. These are supernatural gifts that flow from God’s character and are imparted to believers through His Spirit.

The Meaning of the Word “Gifts” (CHARISMA)

The Greek word for “gifts” in this context is CHARISMA. Interestingly, this word was not commonly used in classical Greek but is a distinct term found primarily in the New Testament, especially in Paul’s writings. The term CHARISMA appears seventeen times in the New Testament:

• Fourteen times in Paul’s letters
• Twice in the pastoral epistles
• Once in 1 Peter

i.CHARISMA: A Free and Undeserved Gift

The word CHARISMA means a free and undeserved gift given by God’s grace that cannot be earned or attained through human effort. It is a gracious endowment from God, reflecting His nature and character, and is given to believers for the edification of the church.

Review of “What is a Spiritual Gift?”

Spiritual gifts, as explained in 1 Corinthians 12, are supernatural abilities given by the Holy Spirit to believers, originating from God’s divine nature. The Greek term PNEUMATIKOS emphasizes that these gifts are not natural talents or human skills, but manifestations of God’s power.

The word CHARISMA—meaning a free, undeserved gift—highlights that these gifts are graciously bestowed by God’s grace, not earned through human effort. Spiritual gifts are intended to edify the church and reflect God’s character, demonstrating His work within the body of Christ and enabling believers to serve according to His will.

In summary, spiritual gifts are supernatural manifestations given by God to His people. They are:

• Undeserved and unearned, originating from God’s grace.
• Given for the building up of the body of Christ.
• Not natural talents, which can be developed through human effort, but are divine empowerments granted by God for the fulfillment of His will in the church.

These gifts serve the greater purpose of strengthening the church and furthering God’s kingdom.

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WHO HAS SPIRITUAL GIFTS?

Spiritual Gifts Are for All Believers

When observing spiritual gifts in operation, particularly in charismatic and Pentecostal environments, it might seem as though these gifts are reserved for a spiritually elite group of people. However, this is a misunderstanding, as the gifts of the Spirit are not limited to a select few. They are distributed among every member of the body of Christ.

Jesus, speaking about gifts in the Parable of the Talents, said:

Matthew 25:15 says:

And unto one he gave five talents, to another two, and to another one; to every man according to his several ability.

Here, Jesus indicates that every person receives a gift according to their ability. This principle is also supported by Paul, who says:

1 Corinthians 12:11 says:

But all these worketh that one and the self-same Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will.

The word “severally” is translated from the Greek word IDIOS, meaning “specially assigned” as one’s own. This means that every believer is given at least one spiritual gift, uniquely assigned to them by the Holy Spirit.

Tailored Gifts for Every Believer

Jesus uses the same word IDIOS in Matthew 25:15 when He says, “several ability,” showing that spiritual gifts are given according to one’s respective capacity and ministry within the body of Christ.

This reveals that spiritual gifts are not “one size fits all” but are specifically tailored by the Holy Spirit to the abilities and callings of each believer.

As members of the body of Christ, we are all given spiritual gifts that contribute to the overall function and health of the church. Paul further explains this in his letter to the Ephesians:

Ephesians 4:7 says:

But unto every one of us is given grace according to the measure of the gift of Christ.

Every Believer Contributes to the Body

Paul continues by describing how every believer, as a joint or member of the body, plays a role in the overall functioning of the church:

Ephesians 4:16 says:

From whom the whole body fitly joined together and compacted by that which every joint supplieth, according to the effectual working in the measure of every part, maketh increase of the body unto the edifying of itself in love.

Each member of the body of Christ has a vital role through the operation of their unique gifting and calling. These gifts meet specific needs and contribute to the church’s growth and strength.

Gifts vs. Offices in the Church

While every believer has a spiritual gift, not all are called to fill formal offices within the church. Gifts are important for qualifying for an office, but not everyone with spiritual gifts will necessarily serve as apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, or teachers—the offices mentioned in Ephesians 4:11.

For example, in Romans 12:8, Paul lists the “gift of giving.” A person may have this gift, but that does not mean they are called to be an apostle, prophet, or pastor.

The Importance of Every Spiritual Gift

All spiritual gifts are vital to the proper functioning of the church. It is crucial that each believer is encouraged and given the opportunity to operate in their gifting. Every gift, no matter how small it may seem, plays a critical role in building up the body of Christ.

Review of “Who Has Spiritual Gifts?”

Spiritual gifts are not limited to a select few but are given to all believers in the body of Christ. Jesus’ Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25:15) and Paul’s teaching in 1 Corinthians 12:11 emphasize that each believer receives at least one unique gift, distributed according to their abilities and the Holy Spirit’s will.

These gifts are tailored to each individual and are essential for the church’s overall function and health. While not every believer holds a formal church office, each spiritual gift—whether teaching, giving, or serving—contributes significantly to the growth and strength of the church.

Paul reinforces this in Ephesians 4:16, where he describes how every joint or member of the body supplies what is needed. Thus, all believers are encouraged to use their gifts, as each one is vital to the edification of the body of Christ and advancing God’s kingdom.

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THE OPERATION OF THE GIFTS

It is essential to remember that any spiritual gift a believer possesses is a gift from God. James 1:17 reminds us:

Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.

Since these gifts come from God, they should never be abused, used pridefully, or boastfully. As Paul pointed out, the gifts of the Holy Spirit are meant to shape a believer’s character and purpose in line with God’s will.

Gifts and Grace

1 Corinthians 15:10 says:

But by the grace of God I am what I am: and his grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain; but I laboured more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me.

Spiritual gifts should always be exercised with humility and love, never seeking personal glory or recognition. Paul emphasizes this in his letter to the Philippians:

Philippians 2:3 says:

Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.

The Love of God in Operation

The gifts of the Spirit are given in love, imparted by the Holy Spirit, and must be ministered in the same love. This divine love is different from human love, which is often based on feelings or emotions. God’s love, as shown by Jesus, is characterized by:

• Putting others first and always aiming to do what is best for them.
• A decision-based love that is not dependent on emotions or circumstances.

This selfless, sacrificial love is described by the Greek word AGAPE. Paul explains this love through Christ’s sacrifice for us:

Romans 5:8 says:

But God commendeth his love (agape) toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.

Gifts as Expressions of Love and Service

Spiritual gifts are expressions of love and service, given by God to benefit others. They are most effective when ministered in God’s love and demonstrated through true servanthood.

These gifts are not for self-promotion or personal recognition. As Proverbs 18:16 states:

A man’s gift maketh room for him, and bringeth him before great men.

Moreover, believers must guard against jealousy or envy regarding the gifts of others. God assigns spiritual gifts according to His will, based on each person’s unique temperament, emotional makeup, and physical abilities. Therefore, selfishness has no place in the operation of spiritual gifts within the body of Christ.

Gifts Are for the Common Good

The primary purpose of spiritual gifts is to benefit the entire body of Christ, not to serve individual interests.

1 Corinthians 12:7 says:

But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal.

The Amplified Bible explains this further: “for the common good,” meaning that the gifts we receive from God are meant to edify and build up the church, not to serve personal desires.

Paul reiterates this in 1 Corinthians 14:12:

Even so ye, forasmuch as ye are zealous of spiritual gifts, seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the church.

The Amplified Bible adds:

“Since you are so eager and ambitious to possess spiritual endowments and manifestations of the (Holy) Spirit, [concentrate on] striving to excel and to abound [in them] in ways that will build up the church.”

The Right Way to Operate Gifts

Whenever spiritual gifts are in operation, they must be:

• Divinely prompted
• Executed in divine order
• For the benefit of the entire body

Spiritual gifts should never be used for self-promotion or personal gain. Instead, they should be exercised to encourage, strengthen, and build up the body of believers. Proper use of these gifts ensures that the church is unified and strengthened in love, serving God’s purpose faithfully.

Review of “The Operation of the Gifts”

Spiritual gifts are divine blessings given to believers to build up the church. They should always be exercised with humility, love, and a desire to benefit others. James 1:17 and 1 Corinthians 15:10 remind us that these gifts come from God and are not to be used pridefully or boastfully. The Greek word agape (love) signifies the selfless love through which these gifts must be administered.

Paul emphasizes that gifts are not for self-promotion but for the common good, as seen in 1 Corinthians 12:7. Proper operation of spiritual gifts means they must be divinely prompted, executed in order, and focused on strengthening the body of Christ. Proverbs 18:16 highlights that when used correctly, these gifts will make a way for the believer in God’s timing.

Overall, spiritual gifts should reflect God’s character, foster unity, and serve the church with love and humility.

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DIVIDING TO EVERY MAN

In teaching about the spiritual gifts of the Holy Spirit, Paul emphasizes that these gifts are distributed according to God’s will.

The Ongoing Work of the Holy Spirit

1 Corinthians 12:11 says:

But all these worketh that one and the self-same Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will.

The use of the word “dividing” in the present tense indicates that the Holy Spirit is continually and actively distributing spiritual gifts. This process is not a one-time event but an ongoing work throughout the gospel day.

As new believers are added to the body of Christ, the Holy Spirit continues to give them gifts and abilities to edify the church.

Seeking the Best Gifts

Not only are new believers receiving spiritual gifts, but Paul also encourages them to earnestly seek the best gifts.

1 Corinthians 12:31 says:

But covet earnestly the best gifts: and yet shew I unto you a more excellent way.

The Literal Version (LITV) adds further clarity:

1 Corinthians 12:31 (LITV) says:

But zealously strive after the better gifts. And yet I show you a way according to excellence.

In the following chapter, Paul declares that the true gifts of the Holy Spirit operate only through love (charity), which comes from the Greek word AGAPE.

i.The Importance of Continually Seeking Gifts

When we earnestly seek spiritual gifts and are open to the Spirit’s leading, God is willing to impart them for the benefit of His body, the church. This ongoing work of the Spirit means believers should never become complacent with the gifts they already have but should continually seek to grow and receive more.

ii.Encouragement to Seek More

This truth is both encouraging and empowering. The Spirit is still dividing gifts, and believers are invited to desire and seek the best gifts. God is always willing to give more as long as our hearts remain open and we earnestly seek to serve His purpose.

Spiritual gifts are given according to God’s will, and by seeking them with humility and love, believers can continue to build up and edify the church, working in unity for the glory of God.

Review of “Dividing to Every Man”

Paul teaches that spiritual gifts are distributed by the Holy Spirit according to God’s will. 1 Corinthians 12:11 highlights that this distribution is ongoing, as the Spirit continually equips new believers to edify the church. Paul encourages believers to seek the best gifts (1 Corinthians 12:31), emphasizing that spiritual gifts should be pursued with love (agape).

This continual seeking ensures that the church remains empowered and unified. The Holy Spirit’s ongoing work means believers should remain open to receiving new gifts, striving to serve God’s purpose and build up the body of Christ with humility and love.

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GIFTS OF THE SPIRIT

Everything we receive from God is a gift, including salvation and all the benefits of being His children. In this lesson, however, our focus is on the spiritual gifts mentioned in 1 Corinthians 12, Romans 12, and Ephesians 4.

Two Groups of Gifts

Spiritual gifts can be broadly divided into two groups:

• Spiritual Gifts: These are distributed and specifically assigned to each believer within the body of Christ. They include:
• Wisdom
• Knowledge
• Faith
• Healing
• Miracles
• Prophecy
• Discernment
• Tongues
• Interpretation of tongues
• Exhortation
• Giving
• Offices of the Church: These include apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers. These offices are also gifts of the Holy Spirit and involve ministry work on behalf of Jesus Christ. The gift of helps is also included here.

Spiritual Gifts vs. Church Offices

While every believer in the body of Christ is given one or more spiritual gifts, not every believer is called to a specific office or ministry within the Church.

However, this distinction does not imply a hierarchy where clergy are above the laity. In fact, this idea contradicts the spirit of unity and equality in Christ, as we are all one in Him.

1 Corinthians 12:13 says:

For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit.

i.No Titles in the Body of Christ

The offices within the church—such as apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers—are works of service, not elevated positions of authority. Jesus emphasized this:

Matthew 23:8 says:

But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, even Christ; and all ye are brethren.

Paul, although called to be an apostle, always referred to himself with humility and never by any title:

Romans 1:1 says:

Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God.

In the body of Christ, titles do not exist and are expressly forbidden by Jesus. The focus should always be on serving the church and advancing God’s kingdom, not seeking personal recognition or authority.

Only Jesus should be referred to as “the Apostle and High Priest of our profession”.

Paul’s Teaching on Spiritual Gifts

In his first letter to the Corinthians, Paul introduced spiritual gifts to ensure that believers would not be ignorant or uninformed about their purpose. Spiritual gifts are given by God, not earned through human effort, and they are intended to edify the church.

Even though many of the early apostles were regarded as “uneducated” by others, they were empowered by the Holy Spirit:

Acts 4:13 (LITV) says:

But beholding the boldness of Peter and John, and having perceived that they are untaught and uneducated men, they marveled. And they recognized them, that they were with Jesus.

Through the power of the Spirit, these same men were able to “turn the world upside down” (Acts 17:6), showing the impact of Spirit-empowered service.

i.Diversity of Gifts, Ministries, and Operations

1 Corinthians 12:4 says:

Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit.

Paul emphasizes that, while there are many different types of spiritual gifts, they all come from the same Holy Spirit.

1 Corinthians 12:5 says:

And there are differences of administrations, but the same Lord.

This refers to the different ministries or services within the church. Although believers serve in various roles, everything is under the lordship of Christ, creating unity in diversity.

1 Corinthians 12:6 says:

And there are diversities of operations, but it is the same God which worketh all in all.

Paul points out that although believers may perform different activities through their gifts, it is God who empowers all.

The operation of spiritual gifts is not rigid or formula based but flows as the Spirit directs. Each gift may manifest in various ways, but it will always align with God’s Word.

ii.The Purpose of Spiritual Gifts

1 Corinthians 12:7 says:

But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal.

The purpose of spiritual gifts is for the common good. They are given to each believer to benefit the entire body of Christ, not for personal gain or individual advancement.

The lists of spiritual gifts found in 1 Corinthians 12, Romans 12, and Ephesians 4 are not exhaustive. Other gifts, such as those mentioned in Psalm 87:7 (for singers and musicians), are also vital for worship and service within the church.

Gifts Distributed According to Ability

In the Parable of the Talents, Jesus teaches that spiritual gifts are given according to each individual’s ability. Some may receive multiple gifts, while others receive fewer, but every gift is valuable for the edification of the church.

Just as in the parable:

• One servant received five talents.
• Another received two talents.
• Another received one talent.

God distributes spiritual gifts with wisdom and love, knowing the capacity of each believer. Every person can contribute according to their God-given ability, and all gifts are essential to the overall health and functioning of the body of Christ.

Gifts and Callings Are Irrevocable

Romans 11:29 says:

For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.

In the Expanded Greek Translation of the New Testament, this verse is rendered as:

For the gifts in grace at the calling of God are with respect to a change of mind irrevocable.

This means that God has never changed His mind concerning the gifts and callings He established for the New Testament church. The same spiritual gifts and offices that allowed the morning church to thrive are just as crucial for the success of the church in our day.

When leaders pass away, their spiritual gifts do not disappear with them. Just as Elijah’s mantle fell on Elisha in 2 Kings 2:13-15, God continues to equip new leaders with spiritual gifts to carry on His work.

God is still looking for people who are eager to receive spiritual gifts and serve in church offices. The call of God, as voiced in Ezekiel 22:30, remains the same:

And I sought for a man among them…

God is seeking individuals who will step up and fill the roles necessary for the church’s continued growth and effectiveness. Every generation must be equipped with leaders and servants who answer God’s call, ensuring the church’s mission moves forward and remains effective for His glory.

God’s gifts and callings are irrevocable, ensuring the continuation of His mission through each generation of believers.

Review of “Gifts of the Spirit”

Spiritual gifts, as outlined in 1 Corinthians 12, Romans 12, and Ephesians 4, are given by God to all believers for the edification of the church. They can be divided into two groups:

• Spiritual gifts (e.g., wisdom, prophecy, healing)
• Church offices (e.g., apostles, pastors, teachers)

Paul emphasizes that, while every believer has a spiritual gift, not all are called to hold a formal office within the church. Regardless of the role, each gift is vital to the body of Christ.

Spiritual gifts are diverse, but they all come from the same Spirit and serve the same purpose: to benefit the church. These gifts are irrevocable, distributed according to God’s wisdom and each person’s ability. Their operation must align with God’s Word and be exercised in humility and love.

As the Holy Spirit continues to distribute gifts, believers are encouraged to seek them earnestly and use them to support the growth and unity of the church, ensuring that God’s mission is fulfilled across generations.

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THE WORD OF WISDOM

In 1 Corinthians 12:8, Paul writes:

For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom.

The word of wisdom is one of the key spiritual gifts Paul mentions. This gift involves having divine insight or the ability to apply God’s truth to practical situations. It is not merely intellectual wisdom, but a supernatural understanding imparted by the Spirit of God, guiding decisions, and actions in accordance with God’s will.

The Role of the Word of Wisdom in the Morning Church

In the beginning of the Gospel Day, leaders like Paul, Peter, and James demonstrated this gift as they addressed complex issues within the church. Their words of wisdom offered divine solutions that upheld the truth and advanced the kingdom of God.

This gift enabled them to navigate challenging circumstances with spiritual integrity while providing practical guidance, allowing the church to grow and remain faithful to its mission.

The Meaning of Wisdom

The Greek word for “wisdom” used in this context is SOPHIA, which refers to insight into the true nature of things. SOPHIA represents an understanding that transcends human comprehension, enabling a person to perceive reality from a spiritual and eternal perspective.

This gift empowers believers to discern God’s will in various circumstances and to act in alignment with His purposes.

It goes beyond simply knowing what is right—it also involves understanding how and when to apply that knowledge effectively. This ensures that wisdom contributes to the growth and edification of the church.

i.Solomon’s Prayer for Wisdom

A prime biblical example of seeking wisdom is Solomon, who prayed for wisdom to lead God’s people:

2 Chronicles 1:10 says:

Give me now wisdom and knowledge, that I may go out and come in before this people: for who can judge this thy people, that is so great?

In Hebrew, the word for wisdom is CHOKMAH, which, like SOPHIA, refers to divine insight that enables a person to perceive reality from God’s eternal perspective.

ii.Wisdom in the Lives of Daniel and His Companions

Similarly, Daniel and the three Hebrew children were given wisdom from God to navigate their time in Babylon:

Daniel 1:17 says:

As for these four children, God gave them knowledge and skill in all learning and wisdom: and Daniel had understanding in all visions and dreams.

This example shows how wisdom from God can manifest in both practical understanding and spiritual insight, helping believers fulfill their purpose even in challenging circumstances.

iii.Wisdom’s Call in Proverbs

The book of Proverbs encourages believers to seek after wisdom. In Proverbs 8:1, wisdom is personified as actively calling out for people to pursue it:

Doth not wisdom cry? and understanding put forth her voice?

Additionally, Proverbs 4:5 emphasizes the importance of obtaining wisdom:

Get wisdom, get understanding: forget it not; neither decline from the words of my mouth.

Seeking wisdom is essential to living a life that honours God and fulfills His purposes. Through SOPHIA, believers are equipped to see beyond the natural and act according to God’s divine plan.

The Word of Wisdom in the New Testament

In the New Testament, wisdom played a vital role in the morning church’s functioning.

i.The Choosing of Deacons

When the first deacons were chosen, one of their primary qualifications was that they be “full of the Holy Ghost and wisdom.”

Acts 6:3 says:

Wherefore, brethren, look ye out among you seven men of honest report, full of the Holy Ghost and wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business.

One of these deacons, Stephen, demonstrated the gift of wisdom during his debate with the Jews before his martyrdom.

Acts 6:9-10 says:

Then there arose certain of the synagogue, which is called the synagogue of the Libertines, and Cyrenians, and Alexandrians, and of them of Cilicia and of Asia, disputing with Stephen. And they were not able to resist the wisdom and the spirit by which he spake.

ii.Paul’s Wisdom as a “Wise Masterbuilder”

Paul also exhibited this gift, referring to himself as a “wise masterbuilder” in his role in establishing and nurturing congregations.

1 Corinthians 3:10 says:

According to the grace of God which is given unto me, as a wise (SOPHOS) masterbuilder, I have laid the foundation, and another buildeth thereon. But let every man take heed how he buildeth thereupon.

This mirrors Proverbs 9:1, which uses the image of wisdom building her house, symbolizing how divine wisdom builds and sustains the church:

Wisdom hath builded her house, she hath hewn out her seven pillars:

Just as wisdom built the house, Paul’s wisdom allowed him to lay a strong foundation for the church, ensuring its growth and faithfulness to God’s plan.

Paul’s Practical Use of Wisdom

Paul frequently demonstrated the word of wisdom in difficult and challenging situations. Below are a few key examples:

i.Handling Conflict

In Acts 23:6-10, Paul faced a divided Council of Sadducees and Pharisees. He wisely pointed out their doctrinal differences on the resurrection, turning them against each other, and diverting attention away from himself:

He cried out in the council, “I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.” (Acts 23:6)

ii.Church Discipline

In 1 Corinthians 5, Paul addressed the issue of fornication within the church. He used wisdom to guide the church on how to deal with the offender:

1 Corinthians 5:1 says:

It is reported commonly that there is fornication among you… that one should have his father’s wife.

Paul advised the church to disfellowship the individual, demonstrating wisdom in protecting the church’s purity:

1 Corinthians 5:9-10 says:

I wrote unto you in an epistle not to company with fornicators…

He clarified that this judgment was for those inside the church, as God judges those outside:

1 Corinthians 5:13 says:

But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person.

iii.Mercy and Restoration

In his second letter to the Corinthians, Paul applied wisdom with mercy, advising the church to forgive and restore the repentant member:

2 Corinthians 2:6-8 says:

Sufficient to such a man is this punishment, which was inflicted of many. So that contrariwise ye ought rather to forgive him, and comfort him, lest perhaps such a one should be swallowed up with overmuch sorrow.

Paul’s wisdom balanced discipline and mercy, ensuring the church remained strong but also practiced forgiveness and restoration.

Paul’s life demonstrates how the word of wisdom is essential not only in handling doctrinal and relational conflicts but also in maintaining the integrity and unity of the church. His gift of wisdom helped the church navigate complex situations while keeping God’s love, mercy, and truth at the centre.

Wisdom’s Role in Ministry

The gift of the word of wisdom is indispensable for leaders in the church, such as apostles, pastors, and those planting new congregations. This gift enables leaders to:

• Make sound decisions in complex situations.
• Resolve conflicts with divine insight.
• Guide the church in alignment with God’s will.

Paul’s ministry serves as a prime example of how essential this gift is for establishing and growing the body of Christ. His ability to write much of the New Testament, lead congregations, and mentor believers with patience and skill was largely due to the wisdom imparted by the Holy Spirit.

Wisdom is indeed one of the best gifts that believers are encouraged to seek earnestly, as emphasized in Proverbs:

Proverbs 4:5 says:

Get wisdom, get understanding: forget it not; neither decline from the words of my mouth.

This divine wisdom equips church leaders to navigate the complexities of ministry while ensuring that their decisions align with God’s purposes and strengthen the body of Christ.

Review of “The Word of Wisdom”

The word of wisdom, mentioned in 1 Corinthians 12:8, is a spiritual gift that provides divine insight to apply God’s truth to practical situations. It involves:

• Supernatural understanding that guides decisions and actions according to God’s will.
• More than just intellectual knowledge, it reflects the Greek term SOPHIA, which signifies perceiving reality from God’s eternal perspective.

i.Biblical Examples of the Word of Wisdom

• In the morning church, leaders like Paul, Peter, and James displayed this gift to resolve complex issues, helping the church grow in alignment with God’s plan.
• Solomon’s prayer for wisdom and Daniel’s discernment in Babylon illustrate how wisdom is essential for effective leadership and decision-making.
• Paul referred to himself as a “wise masterbuilder” (1 Corinthians 3:10), using this gift to:
• Skilfully handle doctrinal conflicts.
• Discipline church members.
• Show mercy and restoration.

ii.Importance of the Word of Wisdom

• The word of wisdom is indispensable for church leaders, enabling them to navigate challenges with divine insight.
• It helps maintain the unity and integrity of the church.
• As emphasized in Proverbs, believers are encouraged to seek wisdom earnestly to:
• Fulfil God’s purposes.
• Build up the body of Christ effectively.

This spiritual gift equips believers with the ability to make wise decisions, ensuring that the church continues to operate according to God’s truth and direction.

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THE WORD OF KNOWLEDGE

In 1 Corinthians 12:8, Paul writes:

“…to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit.”

Whereas the word of wisdom involves divine insight or the ability to apply God’s truth to practical situations, the word of knowledge refers to the supernatural ability to understand truths that could not have been known through natural means. This gift allows believers to discern hidden or unknown things, enabling them to speak God’s truth into situations with clarity and accuracy.

Distinction Between Wisdom and Knowledge

In 1 Corinthians 12:8, the phrase “to another” highlights that not everyone receives the same spiritual gifts. Some may receive the gift of wisdom, while others receive the gift of knowledge. However, the Holy Spirit may grant both gifts if it is His will. These gifts, while distinct, are both critical to the effective operation of the church.

Paul emphasizes in 1 Corinthians 13:2 that it is possible to possess more than one gift, but all spiritual gifts must be exercised in love to have true value:

And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing.

The Greek word for knowledge used here is GNOSIS, meaning “knowledge of an especial kind,” as defined by The New Analytical Greek Lexicon. This knowledge goes beyond general understanding and refers to supernatural insight into spiritual truths.

Both the word of wisdom and the word of knowledge are vital for the growth and edification of the church, allowing believers to navigate spiritual matters with God-given understanding and discernment.

The “Key of Knowledge”

Jesus referred to this kind of supernatural knowledge as the “key of knowledge” in Luke 11:52, where He rebuked the lawyers for withholding spiritual truth from the people:

Woe unto you, lawyers! for ye have taken away the key of knowledge: ye entered not in yourselves, and them that were entering in ye hindered.

The key of knowledge represents the ability of the word of knowledge to unlock hidden truths and grant access to deeper spiritual understanding.

Jesus condemned the religious leaders for closing off the truth, preventing others from receiving the wisdom and insight they needed to grow in their faith.

Jesus and the Word of Knowledge

A clear example of Jesus using the word of knowledge is found in His encounter with two followers on the road to Emmaus after His resurrection:

Luke 24:32 says:

And they said one to another, Did not our heart burn within us, while he talked with us by the way, and while he opened to us the scriptures?

This event illustrates the essence of the word of knowledge—the ability to open the Scriptures and reveal truths that were previously hidden.

Through this gift, Jesus made the Scriptures come alive for His companions, providing them with new understanding and insight into God’s Word.

The Importance of Teaching

The gift of knowledge is crucial for teaching within the church. Teaching involves more than proclaiming Christ’s message—it requires the ability to explain and clarify it.

Preaching without the foundation of teaching can become empty and ineffective.

A great example of the word of knowledge in action is Apollos, who, after receiving instruction from Aquila and Priscilla, grew in his ability to expound the Scriptures:

Acts 18:28 says:

For he mightily convinced the Jews, and that publickly, shewing by the scriptures that Jesus was Christ.

Apollos’s ministry was distinct from Paul’s. As noted in 1 Corinthians 3:6, Paul said:

“I have planted [the work of an apostle], Apollos watered.”

Paul planted the seed of the Gospel, and Apollos nurtured and cultivated it through teaching.

The word of knowledge naturally aligns with the gift of teaching, as described in Ephesians 4:11:

“And he gave some…teachers.”

Likewise, 1 Corinthians 12:28 highlights the importance of teachers in the church, placing them third among spiritual offices:

And God hath set some in the church, first apostles, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues.

Romans 12:7 underscores this gift as well:

Or ministry, let us wait on our ministering: or he that teacheth, on teaching;

Apollos, being “mighty in the Scriptures,” exemplified the gift of knowledge by teaching and nurturing the faith of others with clarity and depth, ensuring that the truth of God’s Word was understood and applied in the lives of believers.

Knowledge in the Time of “Evening Light”

In this present age, known as the time of evening light, we are living in a period that aligns with the tenth chapter of Revelation, where the “little book”—symbolizing the Word of God and the revelation of Jesus Christ—remains open until the end of time.

Revelation 10:2 says:

And he had in his hand a little book open: and he set his right foot upon the sea, and his left foot on the earth.

This era that we now live in was also prophesied by Daniel, who foretold that knowledge would increase as we approach the end of time:

Daniel 12:4 says:

But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.

With the “little book open” in Revelation 10:2, God desires to impart even greater levels of knowledge to His church, revealing deeper truths that were once sealed.

i.The Gift of Knowledge in This Age

The word of knowledge remains a vital gift for the successful operation of the church today. This gift enables believers to unlock deeper truths in God’s Word and to teach others with clarity and understanding.

As knowledge increases in these times, the word of knowledge serves as a key element for the growth and maturity of the body of Christ.

This gift is essential because it helps believers:

• Perceive spiritual realities
• Discern the will of God
• Grow in their understanding of Scripture

As God’s revelation continues to unfold during this time of evening light, the word of knowledge equips the church to remain faithful, strong, and prepared for the fulfillment of God’s plan.

Review of “The Word of Knowledge”

The word of knowledge, mentioned in 1 Corinthians 12:8, is a spiritual gift that provides supernatural insight into truths that cannot be known by natural means. Unlike the word of wisdom, which guides decision-making, the word of knowledge involves:

• Discerning hidden realities and understanding God’s Word with clarity.
• Revealing deep spiritual truths and helping believers navigate complex situations.

This gift, denoted by the Greek term GNOSIS, is vital for uncovering and applying God’s truths.

i.Biblical Examples of the Word of Knowledge

• Jesus’ teaching on the road to Emmaus: He revealed hidden truths in Scripture to the disciples (Luke 24:27), providing deeper understanding.
• Apollos: His gift enabled him to expound the Scriptures effectively. Described as “mighty in the Scriptures” (Acts 18:28), Apollos nurtured the faith of others, showing that the word of knowledge often aligns with the gift of teaching.

ii.Importance of the Word of Knowledge

• The word of knowledge is essential for the church’s growth, allowing believers to understand and apply God’s Word accurately.
• In this current age, referred to as the “time of evening light,” knowledge is increasing as foretold in Daniel 12:4.
• God desires to impart greater revelation to His church, making the word of knowledge a key element in equipping believers to:
• Remain strong and faithful.
• Stay aligned with His will as His divine plan unfolds.

The word of knowledge is a powerful gift that enables believers to discern truth and understand Scripture deeply, ensuring the church remains grounded in God’s Word and equipped to face spiritual challenges.

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SUMMARY

Introduction

In this lesson, titled “Understanding Spiritual Gifts,” we embarked on an in-depth study of spiritual gifts as outlined in the New Testament. While 1 Corinthians 12 is the primary reference for spiritual gifts, they are also mentioned in other epistles by Paul and alluded to by Jesus through His teaching on “talents.” Spiritual gifts also include church offices such as apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers.

Paul’s primary concern in addressing spiritual gifts was to ensure that believers were not ignorant about their purpose and function. He highlighted the importance of understanding spiritual gifts, as a lack of knowledge could lead to misunderstanding, misuse, or neglect. Spiritual gifts are given by God and are irrevocable, meant to equip the church for its mission

What is a Spiritual Gift?

• Spiritual gifts are supernatural endowments given by God, distinct from natural talents or physical abilities.
• The Greek word for “gifts” is CHARISMA, meaning a free and undeserved gift given by God’s grace.
• Spiritual gifts are imparted by the Holy Spirit to believers for the edification of the church. Unlike natural skills, which can be developed through human effort, spiritual gifts originate from God’s divine nature and flow through believers as a manifestation

Who Has Spiritual Gifts?

• Spiritual gifts are given to all believers, not just to a few spiritually elite individuals.
• Each believer receives at least one spiritual gift, uniquely assigned by the Spirit to fulfil a specific role within the body of Christ.
• While every believer has a spiritual gift, not all are called to fill formal offices within the church, such as apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, or teachers.

The Operation of the Gifts

• Spiritual gifts must be exercised with humility, love, and a desire to benefit others.
• They are not for personal glory or self-promotion but should be administered for the common good.
• The love of God (AGAPE) should be the guiding principle behind the operation of spiritual gifts. Proper use ensures that the church is unified and strengthened in love, serving God’s purpose faithfully.

Dividing to Every Man

• The distribution of spiritual gifts is an ongoing process by the Holy Spirit, who continually equips new believers.
• Paul encourages believers to seek the best gifts and to be open to receiving more as the Spirit leads.
• This ongoing work of the Holy Spirit ensures that the church remains empowered and united.

Gifts of the Spirit

Spiritual gifts can be divided into two main groups:

• Spiritual Gifts:
• Examples: wisdom, knowledge, faith, healing, miracles, prophecy, discernment, tongues, interpretation of tongues, exhortation, and giving.
• Church Offices:
• Apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, and teachers. These are also gifts of the Holy Spirit and involve ministry work on behalf of Christ.

Paul teaches that spiritual gifts are given by God to build up the church. They are diverse but serve the same purpose: to benefit the church. Spiritual gifts should be exercised in love and humility.

The Word of Wisdom

The word of wisdom, as mentioned in 1 Corinthians 12:8, is a supernatural gift that provides divine insight to apply God’s truth to practical situations. It involves:

• Perceiving reality from God’s eternal perspective.
• Guiding decisions in alignment with His will.

This gift was evident in the lives of morning church leaders like Paul, Peter, and James, who used divine wisdom to navigate complex issues and strengthen the church.

The Word of Knowledge

The word of knowledge, also mentioned in 1 Corinthians 12:8, refers to the supernatural ability to understand truths that could not have been known through natural means. It allows believers to:

• Discern hidden or unknown things and speak God’s truth with clarity and accuracy.
• This gift is crucial for teaching within the church, as it provides deeper spiritual understanding and the ability to explain Scripture effectively.

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SUBMISSION TO COGMA FOR APPRAISAL

Instructions

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