INTRODUCTION

In this module titled "The Gifts of the Spirit and Operation in the New Testament," you will explore how the Bible teaches us to identify the Holy Spirit and understand His operation through spiritual gifts in the Gospel Day.

The Role of the Gifts of the Spirit

The gifts of the Holy Spirit were essential for the successful operation of the church at the beginning of the Gospel Day. These gifts remain just as vital for the church's success today. God has not changed His mind concerning the gifts necessary for the New Testament church. Paul reinforces this idea in the book of Romans, highlighting the irrevocable nature of God's gifts.

Romans 11:29 says:

For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.

The Greek word used here for "without repentance" is AMETAMELETOS, which literally means "irrevocable". This implies that God's gifts and callings are permanent and unchangeable.

Misunderstanding the Gifts

Some have interpreted Romans 11:29 to mean that once a gift or calling is given, it remains with the person regardless of how it is used. However, it’s important to understand that:

• The gifts and callings belong to God.
• They are active within the body of Christ and distributed by God’s will throughout the Gospel Day.

The Continuation of Spiritual Gifts

When Paul, the apostle, passed away, the office of the apostle did not die with him. This is because the gifting of apostleship remains essential to the success of the church today. In 1 Corinthians, Paul encourages believers to "covet earnestly the best gifts". This is illustrated by the example of Elijah and Elisha. Elisha earnestly desired the gift of Elijah and sought to fill his office as a prophet upon Elijah's death.

Seeking the Gifts Today

Similarly, in today’s church, God is looking for men and women who will embrace the mantle of the callings and gifts of the Holy Spirit. This ensures that the body of Christ remains strong and effective. In the first lesson, "The Holy Spirit," you will learn about the identity of the Holy Spirit and how to distinguish Him from other spirits. Understanding His role is crucial for recognizing and operating in the spiritual gifts.

DISCERNMENT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT AND FALSE SPIRITS

John, in his first letter, emphasizes the importance of knowing the Holy Spirit and testing the spirits to discern which is truly from God. This understand is crucial in ensuring that we are led by the Spirit of God and not deceived by false spirits that may try to masquerade as the Holy Spirit.

The Role of the Holy Spirit

1 John 3:24 says:

And he that keepeth his commandments dwelleth in him, and he in him. And hereby we know that he abideth in us, by the Spirit which he hath given us.

John explains that obedience to God’s commandments is a sign that we are dwelling in God, and He is dwelling in us through the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is the proof that God lives within us, guiding us to live in accordance with His Word.

However, John also gives us a warning.

1 John 4:1 says:

Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God: because many false prophets are gone out into the world.

This verse highlights the need to test every spirit to see if it is from God. There are many false prophets and spirits in the world, and it is important to discern the truth. The Holy Spirit will always lead us into truth and righteousness, while false spirits will lead us into error and deception.

i. The Consequences of Ignoring Truth

Although believers receive the Holy Spirit when they are born again, John also cautions that if we do not continue to walk in truth and righteousness, God’s Spirit can depart from us. We risk falling into what the Bible calls a delusion, where we can be deceived by false spirits and lies. Paul gives a strong warning about this in his letter to the Thessalonians.

2 Thessalonians 2:10-12 says:

And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.

Those who reject the truth and choose to live in unrighteousness will eventually be given over to deception, where they believe lies and are led astray. This is a sobering reminder to hold fast to the truth and live in alignment with God’s Word.

ii. The Holy Spirit’s Role in Salvation

John the Baptist’s father, Zacharias, prophesied concerning the work of Jesus Christ, describing Him as the “horn of salvation”. This prophecy also reveals the power of the Holy Spirit in the process of salvation.

Luke 1:73-75 says:

The oath which he sware to our father Abraham, That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear, In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.

This passage highlights that the Holy Spirit empowers us to serve God in holiness and righteousness. The Holy Spirit is essential in our journey of salvation, helping us to live in a way that pleases God and to overcome the enemy.

iii. Identifying False Spirits

It is clear from Scripture that any spirit promoting unrighteousness or suggesting that it is acceptable to sin cannot be the Holy Spirit. Here are some clear markers of false spirits:

• A spirit that promotes living in sin cannot be the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit always leads us into holiness and righteousness.
• A spirit that does not uphold God’s Word is not the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit convicts us to live according to Scripture.
• A spirit that claims disobedience is acceptable while still claiming to be a child of God is a false spirit. The Holy Spirit calls us to obedience and transformation.
• A spirit that claims the body of Christ is divided into different denominational groups cannot be the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit calls us into one body.

The Holy Spirit is given to believers to guide them into truth and righteousness. John’s message in his first letter encourages us to know the Holy Spirit and to test every spirit to ensure we are not led astray by false spirits. If a spirit leads us into sin or denies the truth of God’s Word, it is not from God. Ultimately, the Holy Spirit will always uphold the truth, lead us into obedience, and enable us to live in righteousness. We must remain discerning and faithful to the studies of the Bible to ensure we are following the true Spirit of God.

Importance of Discernment for Believers

As Bible students and, more importantly, as disciples of Jesus Christ, we do not want to be deceived and receive a false spirit. Therefore, this lesson is designed to help us understand the difference between the true Holy Spirit and false spirits by carefully studying the Word of God. We must be willing to study all of Scripture and not simply hold on to a few verses that may have been taught to us without deeper examination. The Bible gives us a full picture of what the Holy Spirit is like and how He operates.

i. Avoiding Deception

We should never cling to a spirit that does not call us into holiness and righteousness. False spirits may deceive us through miracles and signs, but the true Holy Spirit will always align with the studies of the Bible and lead us into lives of obedience, truth, and godliness. By knowing and studying the full counsel of God's Word, we can ensure that we are following the true Spirit of God and avoid the deception of false spirits that masquerade as holy but lead people away from the truth.

IDENTIFYING THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

In the Old Testament, the Holy Spirit is identified through His presence, power, and influence in various events and individuals. While the term "Holy Spirit" is not as explicitly used as in the New Testament, His actions and roles are evident through the Spirit of God or Spirit of the Lord references. Here are some key ways the Holy Spirit was recognized in the Old Testament:

The Spirit as Creator and Sustainer

The Holy Spirit played a central role in creation. He is described as moving over the waters during the formation of the world, showcasing His creative power.

Genesis 1:2 says:

And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.

The Spirit is also seen as sustaining life throughout creation.

Job 33:4 says:

The Spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Almighty hath given me life.

The Spirit Empowering Leaders and Prophets

Throughout the Old Testament, the Holy Spirit empowered individuals for specific tasks, particularly leaders, judges, and prophets. These individuals were anointed by God to fulfill His purposes. Moses and the elders of Israel were given the Holy Spirit “upon them” to lead the people.

Numbers 11:25 says:

And the Lord came down in a cloud, and spake unto him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and gave it unto the seventy elders: and it came to pass, that, when the spirit rested upon them, they prophesied, and did not cease.

Samson likewise the Spirit came “upon him” to carry out feats of strength and deliverance for Israel.

Judges 14:6 says:

And the Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid, and he had nothing in his hand: but he told not his father or his mother what he had done.

David was also anointed by the Holy Spirit to be king and to fulfill God’s plan for Israel.

1 Samuel 16:13 says:

Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward.

The Spirit Inspiring Prophecy and Wisdom

The Holy Spirit enabled the prophets to declare God's will and provided wisdom for leadership. The prophets were guided by the Spirit to deliver messages from God and foresee future events. Isaiah spoke of the coming Messiah who would be filled with the Spirit.

Isaiah 11:2 says:

And the spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the Lord.

Ezekiel was given visions and was led by the Spirit to speak to the people of Israel.

Ezekiel 2:2 says:

And the spirit entered into me when he spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him that spake unto me.

The Spirit Guiding and Protecting Israel

The Holy Spirit also provided guidance and protection for Israel during their journey from Egypt to the Promised Land.

Nehemiah 9:20 says:

Thou gavest also thy good spirit to instruct them, and withheldest not thy manna from their mouth, and gavest them water for their thirst.

Conclusion

In the Old Testament, the Holy Spirit was identified through His roles in creation, His empowerment of leaders and prophets, His inspiration of wisdom and prophecy, and His guidance and protection of God’s people. Though the full revelation of the Holy Spirit came in the New Testament, His work was clearly present and essential in the Old Testament. In the Old Testament, the Spirit of God came upon individuals for specific tasks or purposes. However, in the New Testament, the Spirit of God enters into believers, and they are filled with the Holy Spirit, marking a personal and permanent indwelling presence of God.

TERMS USED TO IDENTIFY THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

The presence and work of the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament are visible and identifiable by the various terms used.

Spirit of God (Ruach Elohim)

This is one of the most common terms used to refer to the Holy Spirit in the Old Testament, indicating God’s active presence and power.

Genesis 1:2 says:

And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.

Judges 3:10 says:

And the Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he judged Israel, and went out to war: and the Lord delivered Chushanrishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand; and his hand prevailed against Chushanrishathaim.

Spirit of the Lord (Ruach YHWH)

This term emphasizes the Holy Spirit as the personal and active presence of Yahweh, particularly in empowering individuals for specific tasks.

Judges 6:34 says:

But the Spirit of the Lord came upon Gideon, and he blew a trumpet; and Abiezer was gathered after him.

Isaiah 61:1 says:

The Spirit of the Lord God is upon me; because the Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound.

Holy Spirit (Ruach Qodesh)

Though rare in the Old Testament, this term reflects the Holy Spirit’s sanctifying nature.

Psalm 51:11 says:

Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me.

Isaiah 63:10-11 says:

But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them. Then he remembered the days of old, Moses, and his people, saying, Where is he that brought them up out of the sea with the shepherd of his flock? where is he that put his holy Spirit within him?

Spirit of Wisdom (Ruach Chokmah)

The Holy Spirit is identified as the source of wisdom, particularly in relation to skills for craftsmanship, leadership, and understanding.

Exodus 31:3 says:

And I have filled him with the spirit of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship.

Isaiah 11:2 says:

And the Spirit of the Lord shall rest upon him, the Spirit of wisdom and understanding.

Spirit of Counsel and Might (Ruach Etzah u-Gevurah)

In Isaiah’s prophecy, the Holy Spirit is described as the source of counsel (wise advice) and might (strength for leadership and action).

Isaiah 11:2 says:

The Spirit of counsel and might, the Spirit of knowledge and the fear of the Lord.

Breath of God (Ruach)

The Hebrew word "Ruach" can be translated as spirit, breath, or wind, and it often refers to the life-giving power of the Holy Spirit.

Genesis 2:7 says:

And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.

Ezekiel 37:9-10 says:

Then said he unto me, Prophesy unto the wind, prophesy, son of man, and say to the wind, Thus saith the Lord God; Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may live. So I prophesied as he commanded me, and the breath came into them, and they lived, and stood up upon their feet, an exceeding great army.

Spirit of Judgment and Burning (Ruach Mishpat u-Ba'er)

The Holy Spirit is sometimes associated with purifying judgment and the refining fire of God’s holiness.

Isaiah 4:4 says:

When the Lord shall have washed away the filth of the daughters of Zion... by the Spirit of judgment and by the Spirit of burning.

Spirit of Grace and Supplication (Ruach Chen ve-Tachanunim)

The Spirit is described as bringing grace and prompting prayer or supplication among God’s people.

Zechariah 12:10 says:

And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one moureth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his firstborn.

The Hand of the Lord (Yad-YHWH)

In some passages, the "hand of the Lord" is another way of describing the Holy Spirit’s powerful intervention and influence, especially in prophetic contexts.

Ezekiel 3:14 says:

So the spirit lifted me up, and took me away, and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit; but the hand of the Lord was strong upon me.

1 Kings 18:46 says:

And the hand of the Lord was on Elijah; and he girded up his loins, and ran before Ahab to the entrance of Jezreel.

The Spirit of Prophecy

Though not explicitly called the Spirit of Prophecy in the Old Testament, the Holy Spirit is closely linked to prophecy. The prophets frequently mention the Spirit as empowering them to proclaim God’s message.

Ezekiel 11:5 says:

And the Spirit of the Lord fell upon me, and said unto me, Speak; Thus saith the Lord; Thus have ye said, O house of Israel: for I know the things that come into your mind, every one of them.

Numbers 11:25-26 says:

And the Lord came down in a cloud, and spake unto him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and gave it unto the seventy elders: and it came to pass, that, when the spirit rested upon them, they prophesied, and did not cease. But there remained two of the men in the camp, the name of the one was Eldad, and the name of the other Medad: and the spirit rested upon them; and they were of them that were written, but went not out unto the tabernacle: and they prophesied in the camp.

The Spirit of the Fear of the Lord

This term emphasizes reverence and awe for God, a quality the Holy Spirit brings to those who are filled with Him.

Isaiah 11:2 says:

The Spirit of the fear of the Lord.

In Summary:

The Holy Spirit’s presence in the Old Testament is shown through various terms and metaphors that reflect His roles in creation, empowerment, guidance, prophecy, and sanctification. While not fully revealed as in the New Testament, the Holy Spirit’s activity is foundational in God’s work among His people throughout the Old Testament.

THE HOLY SPIRIT AND HIS ROLE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

The actions and roles of the Holy Spirit are evident throughout the New Testament. Through His presence and work within the church, He is described by many names and titles, each of which reveals a distinct aspect of His identity and purpose. Below is a list of 32 names and titles for the Holy Spirit, along with their King James Version (KJV) scripture references.

1. Holy Spirit

This is the most common term, emphasizing His holiness and role in sanctification.

Luke 3:16 says:

John answered, saying unto them all, I indeed baptize you with water; but one mightier than I cometh, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to unloose: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost and with fire.

Acts 1:8 says:

But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.

2. Spirit of God

This title underscores the Holy Spirit’s divine nature and Spirit of Christ.

Matthew 3:16 says:

And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him.

1 Corinthians 2:11 says:

For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him? Even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God.

3. Spirit of Christ

This highlights the connection between the Spirit of God, the Holy Spirit and Christ. Both the Spirit of God and the Spirit of Christ are identical and one and the same.

Romans 8:9 says:

But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his.

Philippians 1:19 says:

For I know that this shall turn to my salvation through your prayer, and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ.

4. Comforter / Helper

Jesus refers to the Holy Spirit as the Comforter, one who provides support, encouragement, and guidance.

John 14:16 says:

And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever.

John 14:26 says:

But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.

5. Spirit of Truth

This term refers to the Holy Spirit’s role in guiding believers into all truth.

John 16:13 says:

Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will shew you things to come.

John 15:26 says:

But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me.

6. Spirit of Life

The Holy Spirit is referred to as the Spirit of Life, showing His role in giving and sustaining spiritual life.

Romans 8:2 says:

For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death.

7. Eternal Spirit

This title highlights the eternal nature of the Holy Spirit, underscoring His divine qualities.

Hebrews 9:14 says:

How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?

8. Spirit of Grace

This name signifies the Holy Spirit’s role in bestowing grace upon believers.

Hebrews 10:29 says:

Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?

9. Spirit of Glory

The Holy Spirit is associated with the glory of God, especially in the context of suffering for Christ.

1 Peter 4:14 says:

If ye be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are ye; for the Spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you: on their part he is evil spoken of, but on your part he is glorified.

10. Spirit of Adoption

This term reflects the Holy Spirit’s role in making believers children of God.

Romans 8:15 says:

For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

11. Spirit of Holiness

This title highlights the Holy Spirit’s sanctifying work, emphasizing holiness and righteousness.

Romans 1:4 says:

And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead.

12. Spirit of Wisdom and Revelation

The Holy Spirit is the source of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of God.

Ephesians 1:17 says:

That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him.

13. Spirit of Power, Love, and Self-Control

The Holy Spirit equips believers with power, love, and self-control.

2 Timothy 1:7 says:

For God hath not given us the spirit of fear; but of power, and of love, and of a sound mind.

14. Spirit of the Lord

This title reflects the Holy Spirit’s divine authority and presence.

Luke 4:18 says:

The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised.

15. Spirit of Sonship

This title is synonymous with the Spirit of Adoption, emphasizing believers’ new identity as God’s children.

Romans 8:15 says:

For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

16. Spirit of Faith

The Holy Spirit is linked to faith, enabling believers to live by faith.

2 Corinthians 4:13 says:

We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken; we also believe, and therefore speak.

17. Spirit of Prophecy

The Holy Spirit inspires prophecy and reveals God’s will.

Revelation 19:10 says:

And I fell at his feet to worship him. And he said unto me, See thou do it not: I am thy fellowservant, and of thy brethren that have the testimony of Jesus: worship God: for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.

18. Good Spirit

The Holy Spirit is referred to as the Good Spirit, reflecting His benevolent nature.

Luke 11:13 says:

If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children: how much more shall your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask him?

19. Spirit Who Searches Everything

The Holy Spirit is described as having the ability to search and know everything, even the deep things of God.

1 Corinthians 2:10 says:

But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God.

20. Spirit of Unity

The Holy Spirit brings unity among believers, reflecting the oneness of the body of Christ.

text codes Ephesians 4:3-4 says:

Endeavouring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. There is one body, and one Spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of your calling.

21. Spirit of Intercession

The Holy Spirit intercedes for believers in accordance with God’s will.

Romans 8:26-27 says:

Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities: for we know not what we should pray for as we ought: but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered. And he that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because he maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God.

22. Spirit of Burning

The Holy Spirit’s work is associated with purification, represented by fire.

Matthew 3:11 says:

I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire.

23. Spirit of Glory and of God

This combined title emphasizes the Holy Spirit’s role in manifesting both the glory and presence of God.

1 Peter 4:14 says:

If ye be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are ye; for the spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you: on their part he is evil spoken of, but on your part he is glorified.

24. The Anointing

The Holy Spirit is described as “the anointing,” referring to His empowering and consecrating work.

1 John 2:20 says:

But ye have an unction from the Holy One, and ye know all things.

25. The Promise of the Father

Jesus refers to the Holy Spirit as “the promise of the Father,” signifying the fulfillment of the Old Testament prophecies.

Luke 24:49 says:

And, behold, I send the promise of my Father upon you: but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high.

Acts 1:4-5 says:

And, being assembled together with them, commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me. For John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence.

26. Spirit of the Living God

This title underscores the active and life-giving nature of the Holy Spirit.

2 Corinthians 3:3 says:

Forasmuch as ye are manifestly declared to be the epistle of Christ ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not in tables of stone, but in fleshy tables of the heart.

27. Spirit of Adoption by Whom We Cry Abba, Father

The Holy Spirit brings believers into a close relationship with God, enabling them to call Him “Abba, Father”.

Romans 8:15 says:

For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

28. Spirit of Jesus

The Holy Spirit is identified as the Spirit of Jesus, especially in guiding the apostles in their missionary work.

Acts 16:7 says:

After they were come to Mysia, they assayed to go into Bithynia: but the Spirit suffered them not.

29. Power from on High

Though not a formal title, this phrase refers to the Holy Spirit’s empowering presence, which Jesus promised to His disciples.

Luke 24:49 says:

And, behold, I send the promise of my Father upon you: but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high.

30. The Gift

The Holy Spirit is described as a gift that God bestows upon believers, signifying grace and favor.

Acts 2:38 says:

Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

31. Spirit of Glory

The Holy Spirit is associated with glory, particularly when believers endure suffering for Christ.

1 Peter 4:14 says:

If ye be reproduced for the name of Christ, happy are ye; for the Spirit of glory and of God resteth upon you.

32. Spirit Who Searches Everything

The Holy Spirit has the ability to search and know everything, even the deep things of God.

1 Corinthians 2:10 says:

But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God.

This list provides a full understanding of the Holy Spirit’s nature, roles, and activities as depicted in the New Testament. Each name emphasizes a unique aspect of His divine presence in the lives of believers and the unfolding of God’s plan.

THE HOLY SPIRIT: WHO IS HE?

Considering the nature, roles, and activities of the Holy Spirit in both the Old and New Testaments, it is essential to recognize that it is the same Spirit throughout Scripture. The Holy Spirit and the Spirit of God are not separate entities but one and the same.

False Teaching: Two Separate Spirits

Some, in order to justify their beliefs and practices, teach that the Holy Spirit and the Spirit of God are distinct and different spirits. This belief is often used to support doctrines such as two works of grace and also the belief held by some Pentecostals that the Holy Spirit is received in a second work after one is born again. However, this study is not supported by Scripture, which clearly teaches that there is only one Spirit, as Paul taught in his letters to the Corinthians.

i. Paul's Teaching on One Spirit

In 1 Corinthians, Paul addresses divisions in the church. Some were aligning themselves with either Paul or Apollos, but Paul reminded them that there is only one foundation—Jesus Christ—and one Spirit dwelling in the temple of God.

1 Corinthians 3:16 says:

Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you?

Later, in the same letter, Paul again refers to the temple of God, clarifying that the Holy Spirit and the Spirit of God are used interchangeably:

1 Corinthians 6:19 says:

What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?

Here, Paul makes it clear that the terms “Spirit of God” and “Holy Ghost” (or Holy Spirit) are used interchangeably and refer to the same Spirit. There are not two spirits of God.

ii. Further Confirmation of One Spirit

In Paul’s second letter to the Corinthians, he confirms that believers are the temple of the living God and that God’s Spirit dwells in them:

2 Corinthians 6:16 says:

And what agreement hath the temple of God with idols? for ye are the temple of the living God; as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.

Here, Paul explains that the temple of God—which, according to Ephesians 1, refers to the body of Christ and the church of God—is the dwelling place of the living God. The Holy Spirit is the Spirit of God, and He lives in believers.

iii. God Is a Singular Spirit

For clarity, the Bible tells us that God is a Spirit—a singular Spirit and not a plurality of spirits. Jesus Himself confirmed this in the gospel of John:

John 4:24 says:

God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.

From the revelation Jesus gave, we understand that God is a Spirit, not that God has a spirit. God is not like us, for we have a flesh and bone body that serves as the dwelling place for our spirit, and when we are born again, it also becomes the dwelling place of the Holy Spirit. We are a compound being, made both from the earth and in the image of God, which refers to our spiritual nature. This is highlighted by Solomon in Ecclesiastes when he describes what happens when we die physically:

Ecclesiastes 12:7 says:

Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it.

Paul also explains this in his second letter to the Corinthians. He clarifies that when we die, our physical body, which is of the earth, will dissolve as it returns to the earth. However, he also explains that we have a building of God, which refers to our spirit that comes from God:

2 Corinthians 5:1-2 says:

For we know that if our earthly house of this tabernacle were dissolved, we have a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. For in this we groan, earnestly desiring to be clothed upon with our house which is from heaven.

To reinforce, God is not like us in that He is a singular being. He does not have a body that inhabits His spirit. God is Spirit.

REFUTING THE DOCTRINE OF MULTIPLE GODS

It is crucial to understand the singularity of God because some are taught a false doctrine that there are three gods: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. This belief originates from paganism and is contrary to the biblical teaching of one true God.

Paul’s Reminder of God’s Singularity

In his letter to Timothy, Paul emphasizes the oneness of God:

1 Timothy 1:17 says:

Now unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God, be honour and glory for ever and ever. Amen.

Here, Paul refers to God as the only wise God, reaffirming the singular nature of God. There is one God, who is Spirit, and this same Spirit indwells believers as the Holy Spirit. Paul also confirms this in his letter to the Ephesians, where he states that there is one God who is Father of all:

Ephesians 4:6 says:

One God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all.

If Paul were revealing a unity of three persons within one God, he would have used the Greek word MIA for "one," which denotes oneness in unity. However, Paul uses the Greek word HEIS, which means the absolute numeral one or "the one and only".

Who Is the King Eternal?

Who, then, is the "King eternal"—the everlasting King, who is the Father of all? In the book of Isaiah, the Father of the redeemed is revealed in a prophecy regarding the coming of the Messiah.

Isaiah 9:6 says:

For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.

This prophecy clearly points to the birth of Jesus Christ about 2,000 years ago, revealing Him as the Everlasting Father. When John testifies that "we are the sons of God," he refers to the same Father that Isaiah prophesied of. It is Jesus Christ who is King of kings and Lord of lords today in His Kingdom, though many are taught that this is some time in the future. Be reminded from the book of Colossians that when you were born again you were “translated into the kingdom”.

Colossians 1:13 says:

Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son:

Not a physical kingdom, but a spirit kingdom for when you are born-again you are not translated physically but spiritually.

Jesus: Our Saviour and Father

Many scriptures show that Jesus is our Saviour, and because He is our Saviour, He is also our Father. A careful examination of the Scriptures reveals that there is one God who has revealed Himself to mankind as our Father, Brother, and the One who dwells in us. In other words:

• Jesus is the Father as to His deity,
• Jesus is the Son as to His humanity, and
• Jesus is the Holy Spirit in His work through the Church today.

Thus, the doctrine of three gods is not supported by Scripture. The Bible teaches the absolute oneness of God, who reveals Himself in different roles for the redemption and indwelling of mankind.

SUMMING UP: ONE SPIRIT DWELLING IN US

According to 1 Corinthians 3:16, when a person is born again, the Spirit of God comes to dwell in them:

1 Corinthians 3:16 says:

Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you?

Then, in 1 Corinthians 6:19, Paul clarifies that the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost) dwells in the believer:

1 Corinthians 6:19 says:

What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?

In 2 Corinthians 6:16, Paul confirms that the Holy Spirit is the “living God”:

2 Corinthians 6:16 says:

And what agreement hath the temple of God with idols? for ye are the temple of the living God; as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.

Clearly, the Spirit of God and the Holy Spirit are the same person, namely the living God.

Jesus Christ: The Living God

Referring to the book of Colossians, Paul reveals who the living God is:

Colossians 2:6 says:

As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye in him.

When you are born again, you do not receive Jesus Christ literally in physical form. You receive Him as Spirit. Jesus Christ is the “living God” and King eternal—not the physical man Jesus who walked upon the earth 2,000 years ago, but the Spirit that dwelt within that physical body. Paul clarifies this for us in his letter to the Romans, where he refers to the Spirit that dwells within the born-again believer:

Romans 8:9 says:

But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his.

Clearly, the “Spirit of God” is the “Spirit of Christ”. When you are born again, you do not receive two or three spirits—there is only one Spirit.

i. One Body, One Spirit

Main text under section:

There is one body, and one Spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of your calling.

Paul again uses the Greek word HEIS to emphatically state that there is numerically one Spirit. This further supports the oneness of God as the Spirit of God, Spirit of Christ, and Holy Spirit are all one.

ii. No Longer Knowing Christ After the Flesh

Regarding those who believe they will see Jesus physically in the future, this is refuted by Paul in his second letter to the Corinthians:

2 Corinthians 5:16 says:

Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we him no more.

Today, Jesus Christ is Spirit, and only those who are born again can truly know Him. The fleshly body of Jesus Christ is no longer the form through which we know Him. Instead, we know Him through the Holy Spirit, who indwells believers. Thus, the one Spirit is the Spirit of God, the Spirit of Christ, and the Holy Spirit—not multiple spirits but one.

Jesus: God and Our Father

That Christ is both God and our Father is referenced numerous times throughout Scripture.

Matthew 1:23 says:

Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.

The spirit of that child was the Holy Spirit, which is the Spirit of God.

Isaiah 9:6 says:

For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.

The Spirit of Jesus is the “mighty God and everlasting Father”.

John 1:1-3 says:

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

In the creation account in Genesis, it is God who is the Creator. This shows that Jesus, as the Word, is fully God and the Creator of all things.

Jesus Revealed as God

During His public ministry, Jesus revealed Himself several times as God. The Jews, considering this blasphemy, sought to kill Him.

John 8:58 says:

Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am.

Here, Jesus refers to Himself as "I AM," a clear reference to God's divine name revealed to Moses in Exodus 3:14. Thomas, upon seeing the resurrected Lord Jesus, declared:

John 20:28 says:

And Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.

The Church Purchased by God

In the book of Acts, Paul testifies to the elders at Miletus before returning to Jerusalem, where he would eventually be martyred in Rome:

Acts 20:28 says:

Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.

Here, Paul confirms that the church of God belongs to God because He purchased it with His own blood. This is a clear reference to Jesus being God, as it was Jesus’ blood that was shed for the church.

The Mystery of God Manifest in the Flesh

That God was manifested in the flesh is described as a great mystery:

1 Timothy 3:16 says:

And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory.

This passage affirms that Jesus is the incarnate God—God manifested in human form to bring salvation.

Christ in Us: The Hope of Glory

An even greater mystery is that Jesus Christ, who is the living God now dwells within each born-again believer.

Colossians 1:27 says:

To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

This reveals the profound truth that Christ dwells within each born-again believer as Spirit and God. It is His indwelling presence that transforms and empowers every believer. This mystery is the heart of the Christian faith—that God Himself, lives within those who are born again.

CREATION ILLUSTRATES THAT JESUS IS THE SPIRIT OF GOD

In the gospel of John, Jesus is revealed not only as being God but also the Creator.

John 1:1-3 says:

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

Paul Also Confirms Jesus as the Creator.

Colossians 1:16 says:

For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him.

Turning to the book of Genesis and the account of creation, it reads:

Genesis 1:1 says:

In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.

In the next verse, we see the action of God in creating:

Genesis 1:2 says:

And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.

It is important to understand that the “Spirit of God” is not a separate being from “God” in the previous verse. God does not have a spirit; God is SPIRIT.

John 4:24 says:

God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.

It is incorrect to believe that God, who is Spirit, also “has” a spirit. The reason why the Spirit of God is called the Holy Spirit is one of identity. Each time in the Bible you read “the Spirit of God,” it is simply to differentiate God from any other spirit.

Jesus as the Creator and Spirit of God

Both John and Paul identified Jesus Christ as the Creator. In Genesis, God is revealed as the Creator. Therefore, both simplicity and logic reveal that Jesus is God. This does not refer to His physical body, but to His Spirit. Jesus' body was only a physical vessel in which God dwelt. Paul, to avoid confusion concerning the physical body of Christ, reminded the Corinthians that Jesus would never again be known in a physical form.

2 Corinthians 5:16 says:

Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we him no more.

You can no longer experience Jesus physically; He is Spirit and now dwells in every born-again believer.

THE SECOND COMING ILLUSTRATING JESUS IS THE HOLY SPIRIT

There are at least two occasions where Jesus clarifies when He would return, referred to as the second coming. In Matthew 24, Jesus' disciples asked for a sign of His return, and in John 14, at the Last Supper, Jesus explained when and how He would return. Additionally, in Acts 1, two men in white apparel reveal when Jesus would return. The book of Revelation and Hebrews 9:28 also reference His return.

The Spiritual Nature of the Kingdom

From 2 Corinthians 5:16, we have concluded that the second coming of Jesus will not be in physical form. He will not return literally to set up a physical kingdom. Instead, God is Spirit, and therefore His kingdom is spiritual. A kingdom entered when becoming a child of God. When a person is born again, their spirit is made alive and caught up into the kingdom of God. This spiritual rebirth can be termed as the rapture, as described by Paul in Ephesians.

Ephesians 2:6 says:

And hath raised us up together, and made us sit together in heavenly places in Christ Jesus.

In other words, when you are born again, you are caught up into the reign of Christ in His spiritual kingdom.

Clarifying the Second Coming

In John 14, during the Last Supper, Jesus gave an explanation regarding the nature of His return. This meal symbolized the last literal Passover, as Calvary would make Jesus the true Passover, whom we spiritually partake of every day. Jesus' explanation in John 14 clarifies when and how He would return—not physically, but as Spirit, revealing that He is the Holy Spirit. In other words, the one who dwelt in the physical body of Jesus was God Himself.

God Manifested in the Flesh

Remember, Jesus in His physical manifestation was "God in the flesh". The reason God was manifested in the flesh was so that Jesus could show the way to the Father.

John 14:6 says:

Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.

In other words, Jesus came to show mankind the way to become sons and daughters of God and to reveal the fatherhood of God.

The Man and the Birds: An Illustration of the Incarnation

To understand this better, let’s use the illustration of "The Man and the Birds" from Study Guide 4 in the module Understanding the Bible:

The Story of the Man and the Birds: A hardworking man, though kind and good, struggled to believe that God came to earth as a man. One snowy evening, while his family attended church, he saw birds seeking shelter outside his home. Wanting to help them, he opened his barn and scattered breadcrumbs, but the birds were afraid and didn’t come inside. Realizing they feared him, the man wished he could become a bird and speak their language to gain their trust. In that moment, he understood—this is what God did by sending Jesus to show mankind the way to salvation. Just as he wanted to guide the birds to safety, God sent His Son, Jesus, to guide humanity.

i. Jesus: The "Vehicle of God"

Simply put, Jesus in His physical form was the “vehicle of God” to show mankind the way to God. The angel told Joseph to call Him Emmanuel, meaning "God with us".

Jesus Explains His Return in John 14

At the Last Supper, Philip asked Jesus to show him the Father, and Jesus explained how His return would occur. Jesus was speaking directly to His disciples at the Last Supper, not to us in our time, providing context for His return.

John 14:15-16 says:

If ye love me, keep my commandments. And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever;

i. The Comforter’s Role

The Comforter would abide with the disciples forever. The word “another” in Greek is ALLOS, meaning “another of the same kind,” not a different kind. This indicates that Jesus was already with them as the Comforter in a different form.

John 14:17 says:

Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you.

Here, Jesus assures His disciples that they already know the Spirit of truth because He dwelt with them. Jesus promises that the same Spirit would soon be in them.

John 14:18 says:

I will not leave you comfortless: I will come to you.

This confirms that Jesus would return as Spirit, not in physical form. This promise was fulfilled on the Day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit (the Spirit of Christ) came to dwell in the disciples.

Paul’s Teaching on the Nature of the Second Coming

Paul, in the book of Hebrews, provides further insight into the nature of Christ’s second coming.

Hebrews 9:26 says:

For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world(KOSMOS): but now once in the end of the world(AION) hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.

In Hebrews 9:26, the word "world" has two meanings in Greek:

• KOSMOS: Refers to the literal, physical world.
• AION: Refers to an age or dispensation.

Jesus put away sin by sacrificing Himself during the old dispensation under the Old Covenant, pointing to His first coming.

Hebrews 9:28 says:

So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.

Here, Paul explains that Christ's first coming dealt with sin, but His second coming is about bringing salvation. This second coming is spiritual, not literal.

i. Who Looks for Jesus?

Those seeking to be born again and saved are those who look for Jesus. Paul emphasizes that believers no longer seek Christ in the flesh, but in the Spirit.

Romans 8:9 says:

But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you. Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his.

The ones who seek Jesus are those seeking salvation, as referenced by Jesus in Matthew 23:39. So, what is the sign of Jesus’ second coming? What is the sign of salvation?

Colossians 1:27 says:

To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

The answer to the disciples' question is that the sign of Christ’s return is "Christ in you". This signifies the presence of Christ within believers, which brings the hope of glory.

Christ’s Promise and Fulfillment

For the disciples, Jesus came to them as the Holy Spirit, just as He promised in John 14:17: "Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you." This promise was fulfilled on the Day of Pentecost, when the Holy Spirit descended upon the disciples, empowering them and indwelling them with the Spirit of Christ. Since that time, Christ continues to dwell in everyone who is saved, from that day to the present. The indwelling Spirit of God, who is the Spirit of Christ, is the only true sign of both the second coming of Christ and salvation. This return of Jesus was not physical but spiritual, as He now indwells all believers.

The Spirit of Jesus is the Holy Spirit

The Spirit of Jesus is the Holy Spirit, and the Holy Spirit is God. This is a profound truth revealed in Scripture. Jesus is the one and true God, manifest in the flesh as the Savior of humanity, and He now dwells in the hearts of believers through His Spirit.

John 10:30 says:

I and my Father are one.

Colossians 2:9 says:

For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily.

Thus, there is no distinction between the Holy Spirit, the Spirit of Jesus, and God Himself. Jesus is the one true God, revealed to us in His humanity as the Savior, and now dwelling in us as the Holy Spirit.

SUMMARY

In this lesson we have explored how the Bible reveals the work of the Holy Spirit through spiritual gifts. These gifts were essential for the success of the early Church and continue to be vital for the Church today. Paul emphasizes this in Romans 11:29, where he states that God’s gifts and callings are irrevocable:

Romans 11:29 says:

For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.

The gifts of the Spirit are intended for the body of Christ and are distributed according to God’s will, making them a foundational element of the Church's spiritual strength.

Understanding the Use of Spiritual Gifts

One common misunderstanding is that once a gift is given, it remains effective regardless of how it is used. However, the COGMA Study Guide clarifies that the gifts belong to God and must be used in alignment with His will. Though the gifts are irrevocable, they are intended to build up the Church and bring glory to God. Paul also stresses the importance of desiring spiritual gifts, as noted in 1 Corinthians, where he encourages believers to:

1 Corinthians 12:31 says:

But covet earnestly the best gifts.

Believers are encouraged not only to desire gifts but to seek to use them effectively for the benefit of the entire body of Christ.

Embracing the Callings and Gifts of the Spirit

In today’s Church, God continues to seek men and women who will embrace the callings and gifts of the Holy Spirit to keep the body of Christ strong. Understanding the identity of the Holy Spirit is crucial for discerning between true and false spirits.

Discerning True and False Spirits

John warns believers in 1 John 4:1 to test every spirit to ensure it is from God:

1 John 4:1 says:

Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God: because many false prophets are gone out into the world.

The Holy Spirit always leads into truth and righteousness, while false spirits lead to deception and error. Testing the spirits is necessary to avoid being led astray by false studies or false manifestations.

The Holy Spirit in the Old and New Testaments

In the Old Testament, the Holy Spirit was present in various ways, empowering leaders, inspiring prophets, and guiding God’s people. Though His presence was not as explicitly named as in the New Testament, His work was clearly evident. In the New Testament, the Holy Spirit is described by many names, each reflecting His role in guiding, empowering, and sanctifying believers. Jesus promised the coming of the Holy Spirit, which was fulfilled on the Day of Pentecost, and the Spirit continues to dwell in believers today.

The Importance of Studying the Holy Spirit

This lesson emphasizes the study of the Holy Spirit as crucial for understanding His ongoing role in the Church. It also stresses the importance of recognizing the gifts and callings that God has given to His people through the Holy Spirit. By embracing these gifts, believers strengthen the Church and bring glory to God.